Humanwildlife conflict, is a growing problem in todays crowded world, and can have significant impacts on both human and wildlife populations. Lessons from awfs african heartlands introduction in the developed world potentially dangerous megafauna have largely been exterminated as a result of the. Nonlethal conflict mitigation methods are more effective at reducing humanwildlife conflict and cost less to implement than lethal methods. Each month the wildlife department of the dntf used the data to prepare a monthly report for the minister of. Introduction investigating the human behavioral aspects of wildlife damage management for over 25 years. Human wildlife conflict does not occur only in africa. Farmers may kill wild animals, including threatened and endangered species, in retaliation for damage to crops and livestock. Past efforts to resolve the past efforts to resolve the conflict may have failed or there may be political issues that exacerbate the. Human wildlife conflict is defined as any event in which animals injure, destroy or damage human life or property including the destruction of crops and are killed, injured. Human population growth and the resultant conflict with wildlife poses a formidable threat to africas vast wilderness areas. Transforming social conflict to create sustainable.
Humanwildlife conflict has been in existence for as long as humans and wild animals have shared the same landscapes and resources see below. Humanwildlife conflict hwc is fast becoming a serious threat to the survival of many endangered species in the world. Nowadays human wildlife conflict exists in one form or another all over the world. Nowadays humanwildlife conflict exists in one form or another all over the world. Developing strategies to mitigate human wildlife conflict. In most cases, the work has often led to people being more. Pdf the conflict that occurs between people and wildlife when animals leave protected areas and raid their crops is becoming one of the largest. Lessons from awfs african heartlands introduction in the developed world potentially dangerous megafauna have largely been exterminated as a result of the spread of agriculture, growth of human populations and. Issues and managements find, read and cite all the.
Humanwildlife conflict occurs when there is close interaction between wild animals and human beings, resulting to injuries, death, predation, transmission of diseases and even human threats. Ppt wildlife and human conflict powerpoint presentation. Policy for management of the african elephant in tanzania. Pollution, exploitation, and the introduction of nonnative species has.
Humanwildlife conflict management cornell university. Ceylon wild life agency cwa one of the major instigators of human wildlife conflict is competition for space. Humanwildlife conflict province of british columbia. Lessons learned from awfs african heartlands 2 human wildlife conflict. Ravenelle, j and nyhus, p 2017 global patterns and trends in humanwildlife conflict. Humanwildlife conflict often also severely impacts the livelihoods, security and wellbeing of the. Over the last year the victoria falls wildlife trust has been conducting a human wildlife conflict project in the hwange rural district communal lands bordering victoria falls. Policy and management plan for tanzanias avifauna with special reference to the live bird trade. All countries developed or not, are affected by humanwildlife conflicts fao, 2009. Humanwildlife conflict study abroad in zimbabwe edu africa. Although most humanbear interactions are relatively benign, typically consisting of bear sightings and normal bear behavior, the publics anxieties are heightened when interactions occur within human populated areas. Examining humanelephant conflict in southern africa.
Humanwildlife conflict is usually depicted as the conflict that occur between the people and wildlife woodroffe et al 2005, actions by either humans or wildlife that affects the other adversely conover 2001, the perception that the safety, health, property and food of the. One of the primary concerns with any wildlife conflict is human health and safety. Humanwildlife conflict management a practitioners guide. More broadly, interactions between wildlife and humans can cause damage or costs to both, and lead to conflicts between differ ent groups of people human. For example, in july 2010 a village banana plantation was destroyed by elephants at akak. Human wildlife conflict situations often have a long history. Human wildlife conflict has been in existence for as long as humans and wild animals have shared the same resources and landscapes. The national policy on human wildlife conflict by the ministry of environment and tourism addresses the humanwildlife conflict that occurs all too often between wildlife and the rural communities and farmers in namibia that share the same land. Human wildlife conflict is a serious issue in british columbia, and each year too many bears and other wildlife are killed because of human decisions and behaviour. Humanwildlife conflict does not occur only in africa. All rights reserved approaches to humanwildlife conflict management in and around ayubia national park, khyber pakhthunkhwa, pakistan publication. Causes and options for coexistence abstract though african elephants loxodonta africana are listed as endangered by the international union for theconservation of nature and natural resources iucn, efforts. Research proposal on human wildlife conflict az writing.
To address such conflicts, the center for conservation peacebuilding cpeace pioneered the application of conservation conflict transformation cct theory, skills, processes, and strategies. Janaki lenin asks how leopards in central india manage to live with humans page 22, rohan. If the conflict is happening in a poor community, for example, most of the time people are too concerned about meeting basic needs to really think about conservation. Introduction humanwildlife conflict refers to interaction between wild animals and people and resultant wildlife conflict hwc occurs when wildlife requirements overlap with those of human populations, creating costs both to residents and wild animals iucn world parks congress. The findings suggest the need to address the issue of humanwildlife conflict in the context of sustainable conservation practice through a. This book is about conflicts between different stakeholder groups triggered by protected species that compete with humans for natural resources. The paper discusses the occurrence of humanwildlife conflict, when growing human populations overlap with established wildlife territory, creating reduction of resources or life to some people. However, there are a variety of simple things that each of us can do that make a big difference in preventing human wildlife conflicts. It presents key ecological features of typical conflict. Causes and mitigation measures in tsavo conservation area, kenya stanley m.
Humanwildlife conflicts are not to be taken lightly in the region, but baboons are far from being the only culprits in these types of conflicts. Human wildlife conflict has been in existence for as long as humans and wild animals have shared the same landscapes and resources see below. Human wildlife conflict in india people and wildlife. Around the world, social conflicts related to conservation issues are serious obstacles to both wildlife conservation efforts and local communities way of life. Human interactions with wildlife are a defining experience of human existence. This type of conflict has always existed in the natural environment, because it is obvious that animals of different species treat the human being as an opponent, threat or a target for hunting. The case studies from countries all over the world demonstrate the severity of the conflict and suggest that greater in depth analysis of the conflict is needed in order to avoid overlooking the problem and undermining the. People compete with wildlife for food and resources, and have eradicated dangerous species. If solutions to conflicts are not adequate, local support for conservation also declines. Human wildlife conflict hwc is fast becoming a serious threat to the survival of many endangered species in the. Pdf approaches to humanwildlife conflict management in and. It is not a new phenomenon, but the scale and scope of this conflict has been growing exponentially over time, and is likely to do so indefinitely, given indias ever. Wildlifecampus human wildlife conflicts 4 human wildlife conflict resolution wildlifecampus where do we strike a balance. Human wildlife conflict hwc is fast becoming a serious threat to the survival of many endangered species in the world.
The world resources institute 1995 report revealed that the habitat loss in tanzania was a. Humanwildlife conflict in east africa africa geographic. The humanwildlife conflict crisis hwc occurs when humans or wildlife harm or threaten one another in the course of pursuing their needs or interests. Wildlife and human conflict habitat destruction habitats can be destroyed by natural causes, human actions, and pollution natural causes. A practitioners guidewas developed with this purpose. Arthur and kartik shanker explore the conflict between fishing. Humanwildlife conflict is a hyphenated term because humans are deeply involved in it, and if you focus only on the wildlife you wont get very far. The ability to understand the causes of humanwildlife conflict and its effects, and to deploy appropriate counter measures is vital to securing the future of this environment. This manual is designed to guide local communities, wildlife managers, policy makers, and other people involved in community conservation, in ways to reduce humanwildlife conflict. Human, wild predators, conflict, causes, mitigation, kashmir 1. Humanwildlife conflict humane society international.
The growing human population,deforestation,loss of habitat and decline in their prey species are few major reason behind the human wildlife conflict in india. Throughout the year over 190 villages have been interviewed to determine the level of conflict villages have with wildlife. Humanwildlife conflicts in tanzania proceedings of the 1 st university wide conference, 5 th 7 april 2000. When utilized in species conservation programs, mitigation mechanisms aim to offset negative attitudes of those impacted by or fearful of hwc, increase local tolerance, and ultimately reduce the likelihood of retaliatory killings of wildlife. Natural wildlife territory is overlaps with the humans existence and various forms of humanwildlife conflict occur with various negative results. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Flourishing development and intensive agricultural practices has caused reduction and fragmentation of our habitats. The idea is to find solutions that lead to the mutually beneficial coexistence of people with wildlife. Humanwildlife conflict is a highly politicized issue that evokes heated opinions and, often, kneejerk responses. Damages from elephants and carnivores involve massive loss of crops, the death or injury of cattle. Conflict between people and animals is one of the main threats to the continued survival of many species in different parts of the world, and is also a significant threat to local human populatons. Pdf on jan 1, 2015, janmejay sethy and others published humanwildlife conflict. The aim of humanwildlife conflict management is to by wildlife. Human wildlife conflict is a highly politicized issue that evokes heated opinions and, often, kneejerk responses.
It provides some background on the problem and gives specific examples of methods used to reduce humanwildlife conflict in southern africa. Humanwildlife conflict worldwide tanzania natural resource. Humanwildlife conflict affects most large carnivores including lions, leopards and tigers as well as many other species groups including but not limited to elephants, pigs, deer, primates, sharks, seals, birds of prey, crocodiles, rhinos, otters. Destruction of forests through logging, encroachment, slashandburn. Factors influencing human wildlife conflict in communities. Humanwildlife conflict hwc or negative interaction between people and wildlife has recently become one of the fundamental aspects of wildlife management as it represents the most widespread and complex challenge currently being faced by the conservationist around the world.
684 211 758 680 395 65 1109 580 385 710 850 1368 146 477 1294 635 682 1430 1036 363 835 1468 133 998 925 743 409 163 1027 1186